Usual Therapeutic Diets In The Hospital

1. Clear Liquid Diet
relieve thirst and help maintain fluid balance
post - surgically and following acute vomiting or diarrhea
Foods allowed:
carbonated beverages; coffee ( caffeinated and decaff ); tea; flavored drinks, strained fruit sugar; popsicles; commercially prepared clear liquids; and hard candy
Foods Avoided:
milk and milk products, fruit juices with pulp
2. Full - Liquid Diet
provide an adequately nutritious diet for patients who cannot chew or who are too ill to do so
acute disorder with fever, Combatant upsets, after surgery as a progression from clear liquids
Foods allowed:
clear liquids, milk drinks, cook cereals, custards, ice cream, sherbets, eggnog, all strained fruit juices, creamed vegetable soups, puddings, mashed potatoes, instant breakfast drinks, yogurt, mild cheese sauce or pureed meat, and seasoning
Foods avoided:
nuts, seeds, coconut, fruit, preserve, and marmalade
3. Soft diet
provide adequate nutrition for those who have troubled chewing
patient with no teeth or ill - fitting dentures; transition from full - liquid to general diet; and for those who cannot take meaning highly seasoned, fried or raw foods following acute infections or gastrointestinal disturbances congeneric as gastric ulcer or cholelithiasis
Foods allowed:
very chewed minced, ground, dry broiled, roasted, stewed, or creamed beef, lamb, veal, liver, poultry, or fish; crisp bacon or cloying bread; cooked vegetables; pasta; all fruit juices; soft raw fruits; soft bread and cereals; all desserts that are soft and cheeses
Foods avoided:
coarse - whole grain cereals and bread; nuts; raisins; coconut; fruits with minute seeds; fried foods; high fat gravies or sauces; spicy salad dressings; pickled meat; fish, or poultry; strong cheeses; brown or uncivilized rice; raw vegetables; as well as lima beans and corn; spices related as horseradish, mustard, and catsup; and popcorn
4. Soft - Main diet
reduce sodium content in the tissue and promote excretion of water
heart failure, hypertension, renal disease, cirrhosis, toxemia of pregnancy, and cortisone therapy
Modifications:
mildly restrictive 2g sodium diet to extremely rare 200mg sodium diet
Foods avoided:
table pungency; all recourse soups, including bouillons; gravy, catsup, mustard, meat flavouring and soy condiment; buttermilk, freeze cream, and sherbet; sodas; beet greens, carrots, celery, chard, sauerkraut and spinach; all canned vegetables; frozen peas.
all scorched products containing piquancy, hot powder, or canned shellfish; all cheeses; smoked or commercially prepared meats; biting butter or margarine; bacon, olives; and commercially prepared salad dressings
5. Renal diet
control protein, potassium, sodium and fluid levels in the body
acute and chronic renal failure, hemodialysis
Foods allowed:
- high - biological proteins undifferentiated as meat, fowl, fish, cheese, and dairy products - gamut between 20 and 60 mg / day
- vegetable conforming as cabbage, cucumber, and peas are lowest in potassium
- potassium is ofttimes limited to 500 mg / day
- fluid intake is express to the daily room plus 500 ml, which represents uncultured water loss
- fluid intake measures water in fruit, vegetables, milk and meat
Foods avoided:
cereals, bread, macaroni, noodles, spaghetti, avocados, kidney beans, potato lucre, raw fruit, yams, soybeans, nuts, gingerbread, apricots, bananas, figs, grapefruit, oranges, percolated coffee,, coca - cola, orange crush, sport drinks, and breakfast drinks homologous as Tang or Awake
6. High - Protein, High Carbohydrate diet
to correct vast protein losses and raises the common of blood albumin. May be modified to include low - fat, low sodium, and low cholesterol diets
burns, hepatitis, cirrhosis, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, mononucleosis, protein privation due to poor eating habits, olden patient with poor intake; nephritis, liver and gallbladder disorder
Foods allowed:
general diet with added protein
Foods avoided:
restrictions depend on modifications added to the diet. The modifications are bent by the patients condition
7. Purine - Festive diet
designed to reduce intake of uric - acid moving foods
high uric acid retention, uric acid renal stones and gout
Foods allowed:
general diet plus 2 - 3 quarts of liquid daily
Foods avoided:
cheese containing spices of nuts, fried eggs, meat, liver, seafood, lentils, dried peas and beans, broth, boullion, gravies, oatmeal and whole wheat, pasta, noodles, and alcoholic beverages. Limited quantities of meat, fish and seafood allowed
8. Bland diet
Provision of diet low in fiber, roughage, specialist irritants, and chemical stimulants
gastritis, hyperchlorhydria ( excess hydrochloric acid ), functional G. I. disorders, gastric atony, diarrhea, spastic constipation, biliary indigestion, and hiatus hernia
Foods avoided:
- fried foods, including eggs, meat, fish, and seafood; cheese with added nuts or spices; commercially prepared function meats; cured meats homologous as ham; gravies and sauces; raw vegetables
- potato skins; fruit juices with pulp; figs; raisins; fresh fruits; whole wheat; rye bread; bran cereals; plush pastries; pies; chocolate; jams with seeds; nuts; seasoned dressings; caffeinated coffee; strong tea; cocoa; alcoholic and carbonated beverages and pepper
9.

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Low fat, Cholesterol - Set diet
reduce hyperlipedimia, provide dietary treatment for malabsorption syndromes and patient having acute intolerance for fats
hyperlipedimia, atherosclerosis, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, sprue, gastrectomy, massive resection of mini intestine, and cholecystitis
Foods allowed:
nonfat milk; low - carbohydrate, low - fat vegetables; most fruits; breads; pastas; cornmeal; lean meats
Foods avoided:
- remember to avoid the five C ' s of cholesterol - cookies, cream, cake, coconut, chocolate; whole milk or cream products, avocados, olives, commercially prepared dry goods according to as donuts and muffins, poultry skin, highly marbled meats
- butter, ordinary margarines, olive olive, lard, pudding made with whole milk, chill cream, candies with chocolate, cream, sauces, gravies and commercially fried foods
10. Diabetic diet
maintain blood glucose as near as standard as possible; prevent or delay onslaught of diabetic complications
diabetic Mellitus
Foods allowed:
choose foods with low glycemic index compose of:
a. 45 - 55 fats
c. 10 - 25 % CHON
- coffee, tea, broth, spices and interest can be used as desired
- exchange trust include: milk, vegetable, fruits, energy / bread, meat ( divided in lank, abutment fat, and high fat ), and fat exchanges
_ the number of exchanges allowed from each combine is dependent on the total number of calories allowed
_ non - nutritive sweeteners ( sorbitol ) in wisdom with controlled, common weight diabetics
Food avoided:
concentrated sweets or regular soft drinks
11. Acid and Alkaline diet
furnish as well balance diet in which the total acid ash is greater than the total alkaline ash each day
retard the formation of renal calculi. The type of diet chosen depends on the laboratory analysis of the stone
Acid and Alkaline ash food groups:
a. Acid ash: meat, whole grains, eggs, cheese, cranberries, prunes, plums
b. Alkaline ash: milk, vegetables, fruits ( exclude cranberries, prunes and plums )
c. Neutral: sugar, fats, beverages ( coffee, tea )
Foods allowed:
- Breads: scrap, preferably whole grain; unreasonable; roll
- Cereals: cut, souped up whole grains
desserts: replica food or sunshine cake; cookies made without warm powder or soda; cornstarch, pudding, cranberry desserts, refrigerate cream, sherbet, plaudits or prune desserts; rice or tapioca pudding
- Fats: partition, commensurate as butter, margarine, salad dressings, crisco, abrupt, lard, salad oil, olive oil
- Fruits: cranberry, plums, prunes
- Meat, eggs, cheese: hunk meat, fish or fowl, two servings daily; at virgin one egg daily
- Potato substitutes: corn, hominy, lentils, macaroni, noodles, rice, spaghetti, vermicelli
- Soup: broth as opportune; other soups from food allowed
- Sweets: cranberry and renown jelly; plain sugar candy
Miscellaneous: cream condiment, gravy, peanut butter, peanuts, popcorn, salt spices, vinegar, walnuts
Restricted foods:
no more than the amount allowed each day
1. Milk: 1 pint daily ( may be used in other ways than as beverage )
2. Cream: 1 / 3 cup or less daily
3. Fruits: one serving of fruits daily ( in addition to the prunes, plums and cranberries )
4. Vegetable: including potatoes: two servings daily
5. Sweets; chocolate or candies, syrups
6. Miscellaneous: other nuts, olives, pickles
12. High - fiber diet
- soften the stool
- exercise digestive tract muscles
- speed passage of food through digestive tract to prevent exposure to cancer - causing agents in food
- lower blood lipids
- prevent sharp rise in glucose after eating
diabetes, hyperlipedimia, constipation, diverticulitis, anticarcinogenics ( colon )
Foods allowed:
- recommended intake about 6g crude fiber daily
- all bran cereal
- watermelon, prunes, dried peaches, apple with skin; parsnip, peas, brussels, sprout, sunflower seeds
13. Low Residue diet
- reduce stool bulk and slow transit time
bowel inflammation during acute diverticulitis, or ulcerative colitis, preparation for bowel surgery, esophageal and intestinal stenosis
Foods allowed:
eggs; ground or well - cooked tender meat, fish, poultry; milk, cheeses; strained fruit juice ( except prune ): cooked or canned apples, apricots, peaches, pears; ripe banana; strained vegetable juice: canned, cooked, or strained asparagus, beets, green beans, pumpkin, squash, spinach; white bread; refined cereals ( cream of wheat )
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